What factor does thermal expansion primarily affect in a standpipe system?

Thermal expansion is a crucial factor in the context of a standpipe system, particularly impacting pipe integrity and pressure management. As water temperature increases, it expands, which can create additional pressure within the pipes. This expansion can cause stress on the pipe material, potentially leading to deformation, leaks, or even failure if the system isn't designed to accommodate such changes. Proper design and materials must therefore consider thermal expansion to maintain system integrity and ensure that the pressure levels remain within safe limits during operation.

While other factors like hose length, pump efficiency, and water viscosity are important in a standpipe system, they do not directly relate to the consequences of thermal expansion in the same way as pipe integrity and pressure management do. Understanding how thermal expansion affects these components is vital for ensuring the overall reliability and safety of the standpipe system.